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▪	Augustine And His Environment


	Saint Augustine And His Environment

	The Confessions of Augustine (354 - 430) show us, more clearly than any other literary work of late antiquity, what it was like to approach Christianity through the outlook of Greek philosophy, and more generally from the literary and cultural background of the later Roman Empire. Augustine was born in an empire that officially accepted Christianity, but where traditional religion and non-Christian cults and philosophies retained much of their influence. The official Catholic Church, then as now, did not seem to have much to offer to an educated, curious, and intense person such as Augustine. Compared with the zealous Donatist schismatics (who disavowed clergy who had shown weakness in persecutions) or the sophisticated Manichean elite (to be discussed shortly), the body of Catholics seemed lazy and complacent. Ordinary Christians did not understand Christian theology, and Augustine was later appalled by the ignorant and superstitious views that he derived from his Catholic upbringing. Many Catholics accepted their Christianity rather nominally; they believed that once they received baptism they would have to give up sin, and to avoid such a grave inconvenience they did their best to postpone baptism until their deathbed. Augustine's parents and others of their social class held their Christianity together with basically pagan, ultimately Homeric, ambitions for wealth, success, and honour; and for Augustine, as for the young men who admired Gorgias, these ambitions led naturally to a career in rhetoric and public speaking.

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